Manuel Technique Du Taekwondo Pdf To Word

Master Chong's. WORLD CLASS TAE KWON DO. STUDENT MANUAL. ASTER CHONG'S. Literally translated, the Korean word, “TAE” means “to kick with the foot.” “KWON” implies “a. -No hand techniques may be attempted to the head or facial area in sparring. -All students are. Choi also advocated a relax/strike principle for taekwondo; in other words, between blocks, kicks, and strikes the practitioner should relax the body, then tense the muscles only while performing the technique. It is believed that the relax/strike principle increases the power of the technique, by conserving the body's energy.

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A sparring match Also known as TKD, Tae Kwon Do, TaeKwonDo, Taekwon-Do, Tae-Kwon-Do Focus, Hardness, Country of origin Famous practitioners, Parenthood and along with the indigenous styles of, and Olympic sport Since 2000 Taekwondo 태권도 跆拳道 taegwondo tʼaekwŏndo ( ) Taekwondo (,:; from 태권도 ( )) is a, characterized by its emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping and spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques. Taekwondo was developed during the 1940s and 1950s by various martial artists who combined elements of and with traditional Korean martial arts traditions such as, and. The oldest governing body for taekwondo is the (KTA), formed in 1959 through a collaborative effort by representatives from the nine original, or martial arts schools, in Korea. The main international organizational bodies for taekwondo today are the (ITF), founded by in 1966, and the partnership of the and (WT, formerly WTF), founded in 1972 and 1973 respectively by the. Gyeorugi ( ), a type of full-contact, has been an since 2000.

The governing body for taekwondo in the and is World Taekwondo. See also: Taekwondo is characterized by its emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping and spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques.

Taekwondo Techniques

In fact, sparring competitions award additional points for strikes that incorporate spinning kicks, kicks to the head, or both. To facilitate fast, turning kicks, taekwondo generally adopts stances that are narrower, taller, and hence less-stable than the broader, wide stances used by martial arts such as karate. The tradeoff of decreased stability is believed to be worth the commensurate increase in agility, particularly in Kukkiwon-style taekwondo.

Theory of power The emphasis on speed and agility is a defining characteristic of taekwondo and has its origins in analyses undertaken. The results of that analysis are known by ITF practitioners as Choi's Theory of Power. Choi based his understanding of power on and as well as Chinese martial arts.

For example, Choi observed that the power of a strike increases quadratically with the speed of the strike, but increases only linearly with the mass of the striking object. In other words, speed is more important than size in terms of generating power. This principle was incorporated into the early design of taekwondo and is still used. Choi also advocated a relax/strike principle for taekwondo; in other words, between blocks, kicks, and strikes the practitioner should relax the body, then tense the muscles only while performing the technique. It is believed that the relax/strike principle increases the power of the technique, by conserving the body's energy. He expanded on this principle with his advocacy of the sine wave technique.

This involves raising one's centre of gravity between techniques, then lowering it as the technique is performed, producing the up-and-down movement from which the term 'sine wave' is derived. The sine wave is generally practised, however, only in schools that follow ITF-style taekwondo. Kukkiwon-style taekwondo, for example, does not employ the sine wave and advocates a more uniform height during movements, drawing power mainly from the rotation of the hip. The components of the Theory of Power include:. Reaction Force - the principle that as the striking limb is brought forward, other parts of the body should be brought backwards in order to provide more power to the striking limb. As an example, if the right leg is brought forward in a, the right arm is brought backwards to provide the reaction force.

Concentration - the principle of bringing as many muscles as possible to bear on a strike, concentrating the area of impact into as small an area as possible. Equilibrium - maintaining a correct centre-of-balance throughout a technique. Breath Control - the idea that during a strike one should exhale, with the exhalation concluding at the moment of impact. Mass - the principle of bringing as much of the body to bear on a strike as possible; again using the turning kick as an example, the idea would be to rotate the hip as well as the leg during the kick in order to take advantage of the hip's additional mass in terms of providing power to the kick.

Speed - as previously noted, the speed of execution of a technique in taekwondo is deemed to be even more important than mass in terms of providing power. Typical curriculum While organizations such as ITF or define the general style of taekwondo, individual clubs and schools tend to tailor their taekwondo practices.

A typical A taekwondo student typically wears a uniform ( dobok 도복), often white but sometimes black (or other colours), with a belt tied around the waist. White uniforms are considered the traditional colour and are encouraged for use at formal ceremonies such as belt tests and promotions. Colored uniforms are often reserved for special teams (such as demonstration teams or leadership teams) or higher-level instructors.

There are at least two major styles of dobok, with the most obvious differences being in the style of jacket: (1) the cross-over front jacket (ITF style), (2) the V-neck or Y-neck jackets (no cross-over) typically worn by Kukkiwon/WT practitioners. White uniforms in the Kukkiwon/WT tradition will typically be white throughout the jacket (black along the collars for dan grades), while ITF-style uniforms are trimmed with a black border along the bottom of the jacket (for dan grades). The belt colour and any insignia thereon indicate the student's rank. Different clubs and schools use different colour schemes for belts. In general, the darker the colour, the higher the rank. Taekwondo is traditionally performed in bare feet, although martial arts training shoes may sometimes be worn. When sparring, padded equipment is worn.

In the ITF tradition, typically only the hands and feet are padded. For this reason, ITF sparring often employs only light-contact sparring. In the Kukkiwon/WT tradition, full-contact sparring is facilitated by the employment of more extensive equipment: padded helmets called homyun are always worn, as are padded torso protectors called; feet, shins, groins, hands, and forearms protectors are also worn. The school or place where instruction is given is called the (도장). Specifically, the term dojang refers to the area within the school in which martial arts instruction takes place; the word dojang is sometimes translated as gymnasium. In common usage, the term dojang is often used to refer to the school as a whole.

Modern dojangs often incorporate padded flooring, often incorporating red-and-blue patterns in the flooring to reflect the colors of the symbol. Some dojangs have wooden flooring instead.

The dojang is usually decorated with items such as flags, banners, belts, instructional materials, and traditional Korean calligraphy. The grandmaster (senior master or head of style) of the dojang is called a gwanjangnim (관장님); the master (senior instructor or head of dojang) is called sabeomnim (사범님); the instructor is called gyosannim (교사님); and the assistant instructor is called jogyonim (조교님). Styles and organizations. A 'family tree' illustrating how the five original kwans gave rise to multiple styles of taekwondo.

There are a number of major taekwondo styles as well as a few niche styles. Most styles are associated with a governing body or federation that defines the style.

The major technical differences among taekwondo styles and organizations generally revolve around:. the practiced by each style (called hyeong 형, pumsae 품새, or teul 틀, depending on the style); these are sets of prescribed formal sequences of movements that demonstrate mastery of posture, positioning, and technique. differences in the sparring rules for competition. martial arts philosophy.

1946: Traditional taekwondo The term traditional taekwondo typically refers to martial arts practised in Korea during the 1940s and 1950s by the nine original, or martial arts schools, after the conclusion of the Japanese occupation of Korea at the end of. The term taekwondo had not yet been coined, and in reality, each of the nine original kwans practised its own style of martial arts.

The term traditional taekwondo serves mostly as an umbrella term for these various styles, as they themselves used various other names such as Tang Soo Do (Chinese Hand Way), Kong Soo Do (Empty Hand Way) and Tae Soo Do (Foot Hand Way). Traditional Taekwon-Do is still studied today but generally under other names, such as and.

In 1959, the name Taekwondo was agreed upon by the nine original kwans as a common term for their martial arts. As part of the unification process, The Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) was formed through a collaborative effort by representatives from all the kwans, and the work began on a common curriculum, which eventually resulted in the Kukkiwon and the Kukki Style of Taekwondo. The original kwans that formed KTA continues to exist today, but as independent fraternal membership organizations that support the and Kukkiwon. The kwans also function as a channel for the issuing of Kukkiwon dan and poom certification (black belt ranks) for their members. The official curriculum of those kwans that joined the unification is that of the Kukkiwon, with the notable exception of half the Oh Do Kwan which joined the ITF instead and therefore uses the Chan Hon curriculum.

1966: ITF/Chang Hon-style taekwondo (ITF)-style taekwondo, more accurately known as Chang Hon-style taekwondo, is defined by 's Encyclopedia of Taekwon-do published in 1987. In 1990, the (GTF) split from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding the ITF; the GTF continues to practice ITF-style taekwondo, however, with additional elements incorporated into the style. Likewise, the ITF itself split in 2001 and again in 2002 into three separate federations, headquartered in Austria, the United Kingdom, and Spain respectively. The GTF and all three ITFs practice Choi's ITF-style taekwondo. In ITF-style taekwondo, the word used for 'forms' is; the specific set of teul used by the ITF is called Chang Hon. Choi defined 24 Chang Hon teul.

The names and symbolism of the Chang Hon teul refer to elements of, culture and religious philosophy. The GTF-variant of ITF practices an additional six teul. Within the ITF taekwondo tradition there are two sub-styles:. The style of taekwondo practised by the ITF before its 1973 split with the KTA is sometimes called by ITF practitioners 'traditional taekwondo', though a more accurate term would be traditional ITF taekwondo. After the 1973 split, Choi Hong Hi continued to develop and refine the style, ultimately publishing his work in his 1987 Encyclopedia of Taekwondo.

Among the refinements incorporated into this new sub-style is the 'sine wave'; one of Choi Hong Hi's later principles of taekwondo is that the body's centre of gravity should be raised-and-lowered throughout a movement. Some ITF schools adopt the sine wave style, while others do not. Essentially all ITF schools do, however, use the patterns (teul) defined in the Encyclopedia, with some exceptions related to the forms Juche and Ko-Dang. 1969: ATA/Songahm-style taekwondo In 1969, a former taekwondo instructor in the South Korean military, relocated to Omaha, Nebraska and established a chain of martial arts schools in the United States under the banner of the (ATA).

Taekwondo Pdf

Like Jhoon Rhee Taekwon-Do, ATA taekwondo has its roots in traditional taekwondo. The style of taekwondo practised by the ATA is called Songahm taekwondo.

The ATA went on to become one of the largest chains of taekwondo schools in the United States. The ATA established international spin-offs called the (STF) and the (WTTU) to promote the practice of Songahm taekwondo internationally. In 2015, all the spin-offs were reunited under the umbrella of ATA International.

1970s: Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo In 1962 relocated to the United States and established a chain of martial arts schools primarily in the Washington, D.C. Area that practised traditional taekwondo. In the 1970s, at the urging of, Rhee adopted ITF-style taekwondo within his chain of schools, but like the GTF later departed from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding Choi and the ITF.

Rhee went on to develop his own style of taekwondo called Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo, incorporating elements of both traditional and ITF-style taekwondo as well as original elements. (Note that Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo is distinct from the similarly named, based in Australia and New Zealand). Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo is still practised primarily in the United States and eastern Europe. 1972: Kukki-style / WT-taekwondo. Relative popularity of Kukkiwon-style taekwondo around the world In 1972 the (KTA) Central Dojang opened in Seoul in 1972; in 1973 the name was changed to.

Under the sponsorship of the South Korean government's the Kukkiwon became the new national academy for taekwondo, thereby establishing a new 'unified' style of taekwondo. In 1973 the KTA established the (WTF, now called, WT) to promote taekwondo as a sport. The recognized the WT and taekwondo sparring in 1980.

For this reason, the Kukkiwon-defined style of taekwondo is sometimes referred to as Sport-style taekwondo, Olympic-style taekwondo, or WT-style taekwondo, but the style itself is defined by the Kukkiwon, not by the WT, and the WT competition ruleset itself only allows the use of a very small number of the total number of techniques included in the style. Therefore, the correct term for the South Korean government sponsored style of Taekwondo associated with the Kukkiwon, is Kukki Taekwondo, meaning 'national taekwondo' in Korean. In Kukki-style taekwondo, the word used for 'forms' is. In 1967 the KTA established a new set of forms called the Palgwae poomse, named after the eight trigrams of the. In 1971 however (after additional kwans had joined the KTA), the KTA and Kukkiwon adopted a new set of colour-belt forms instead, called the Taegeuk poomsae. Black belt forms are called yudanja poomsae. While ITF-style forms refer to key elements of Korean history, Kukki-style forms refer instead to elements of sino-Korean philosophy such as the and the.

WT-sanctioned tournaments allow any person, regardless of school affiliation or martial arts style, to compete in WT events as long as he or she is a member of the WT Member National Association in his or her nation; this allows essentially anyone to compete in WT-sanctioned competitions. Other styles and hybrids As previously mentioned, in 1990 the (GTF) split from the (ITF) to form its own style of taekwondo based on ITF-style. Essentially this can be considered a variation of ITF-style.

Also in 1990, martial artist and actor, an alumnus of Hwang Kee's organization, established a hybrid martial art system called. Chun Kuk Do shares many techniques, forms and names with and Taekwondo, and so can be considered a variation of traditional taekwondo. Similarly, Lim Ching Sing's Hup Kwon Do and Kwang-jo Choi's also derive from taekwondo. Additionally, there are hybrid martial arts that combine taekwondo with other styles. These include:. Kun Gek Do (also Gwon Gyokdo) - combines taekwondo and.

Han Moo Do - Scandinavian martial art that combines taekwondo, and hoi jeon moo sool. Han Mu Do - Korean martial art that combines taekwondo and. Teukgong Moosool - Korean martial art that combines elements of taekwondo, kyuk too ki, and Chinese martial arts. developed at Korea's Yong-In University, combines taekwondo, and.

Forms (patterns) Three Korean terms may be used with reference to taekwondo forms or patterns. These forms are equivalent to in karate. Hyeong (sometimes romanized as hyung) is the term usually used in traditional taekwondo (i.e., 1950s–1960s styles of Korean martial arts). Poomsae (sometimes romanized as pumsae or poomse) is the term officially used by Kukkiwon/WT-style and ATA-style taekwondo. Teul (sometimes romanized as tul) is the term usually used in ITF/Chang Hon-style taekwondo. A is a systematic, prearranged sequence of martial techniques that is performed either with or without the use of a weapon.

In dojangs (taekwondo training gymnasiums) hyeong are used primarily as a form of interval training that is useful in developing, proper kinetics and mental and physical fortitude. Hyeong may resemble combat, but are artistically non-combative and woven together so as to be an effective conditioning tool.

One's aptitude for a particular hyeong may be evaluated in competition. In such competitions, hyeong are evaluated by a panel of judges who base the score on many factors including energy, precision, speed, and control.

In Western competitions, there are two general classes of hyeong: creative and standard. Creative hyeong are created by the performer and are generally acrobatic in nature and do not necessarily reflect the kinetic principles intrinsic in any martial system. Different taekwondo styles and associations (ATA, ITF, GTF, WT, etc.) use different taekwondo forms. Even within a single association, different schools in the association may use slightly different variations on the forms or use different names for the same form (especially in older styles of taekwondo). This is especially true for beginner forms, which tend to be less standardized than mainstream forms.

Exhibition of taekwondo students at the Taekwondo ranks vary from style to style and are not standardized. Typically, these ranks are separated into 'junior' and 'senior' sections, colloquially referred to as 'colour belts' and 'black belts'. The junior section of ranks - the 'color belt' ranks - are indicated by the Korean word 급 (also Romanized as gup or kup).

Practitioners in these ranks generally wear belts ranging in colour from white (the lowest rank) to red (higher ranks, depending on the style of Taekwon-Do). Belt colours may be solid or may include a coloured stripe on a solid background.

The number of geup ranks varies depending on the style, typically ranging between 8 and 12 geup ranks. The numbering sequence for geup ranks usually begins at the larger number of white belts, and then counts down to '1st geup' as the highest colour-belt rank. The senior section of ranks - the ' ranks - is typically made up of nine ranks. Each rank is called a 단 or 'degree' (as in 'third dan' or 'third-degree black belt'). The numbering sequence for dan ranks is opposite that of geup ranks: numbering begins at 1st dan (the lowest black-belt rank) and counts upward for higher ranks.

A practitioner's degree is sometimes indicated on the belt itself with stripes, Roman numerals, or other methods. Some styles incorporate an additional rank between the geup and dan levels, called the 'bo-dan' rank—essentially, a candidate rank for black belt promotion. Additionally, the Kukkiwon/WT-style of taekwondo recognizes a 'poom' rank for practitioners under the age of 15: these practitioners have passed dan-level tests but will not receive dan-level rank until age 15. At age 15, their poom rank is considered to transition to equivalent dan rank automatically. In some schools, holders of the poom rank wear a half-red/half-black belt rather than a solid black belt. To advance from one rank to the next, students typically complete promotion tests in which they demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art before their teacher or a panel of judges. Promotion tests vary from school to school, but may include such elements as the execution of patterns, which combine various techniques in specific sequences; the breaking of boards to demonstrate the ability to use techniques with both power and control; sparring and self-defense to demonstrate the practical application and control of techniques; physical fitness usually with push-ups and sit-ups; and answering questions on terminology, concepts, and history to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the art.

For higher dan tests, students are sometimes required to take a written test or submit a research paper in addition to taking the practical test. Promotion from one geup to the next can proceed rapidly in some since schools often allow geup promotions every two, three, or four months. Students of geup rank learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced techniques as they approach first dan. Many of the older and more traditional schools often take longer to allow students to test for higher ranks than newer, more contemporary schools, as they may not have the required testing intervals. In contrast, promotion from one dan to the next can take years. In fact, some styles impose age or time-in-rank limits on dan promotions. For example, the number of years between one dan promotion to the next may be limited to a minimum of the practitioner's current dan-rank, so that (for example) a 5th dan practitioner must wait 5 years to test for 6th dan.

Black belt ranks may have titles associated with them, such as 'master' and 'instructor', but taekwondo organizations vary widely in rules and standards when it comes to ranks and titles. What holds true in one organization may not hold true in another, as is the case in many systems. For example, achieving first dan ( black belt) ranking with three years' training might be typical in one organization but considered too quick in another organization, and likewise for other ranks. Similarly, the title for a given dan rank in one organization might not be the same as the title for that dan rank in another organization. In the, instructors holding 1st to 3rd dan are called Boosabum (assistant instructor), those holding 4th to 6th dan are called Sabum (instructor), those holding 7th to 8th dan are called Sahyun (master), and those holding 9th dan are called Saseong (grandmaster). This system does not, however, necessarily apply to other taekwondo organizations.

In the American Taekwondo Association, instructor designations are separate from rank. Black belts may be designated as an instructor trainee (red collar), speciality trainer (red and black collar), certified trainer (black-red-black collar) and certified instructor (black collar). After a one-year waiting period, instructors who hold the sixth dan are eligible for the title of Master. Seventh dan black belts are eligible for the title Senior Master and eighth dan black belts are eligible for the title Chief Master.

In the Kukkiwon/WT-style students holding 1st-3rd dan are considered an Instructor, but generally, have much to learn. Students who hold a 4th - 6th dan are considered Masters. Those who hold a 7th - 9th dan are considered Grandmasters. This rank also holds an age requirement of 40+.

In this style, a 10th dan rank is sometimes awarded posthumously for practitioners with a lifetime of demonstrable contributions to the practice of taekwondo. Historical influences.

Sparring in a taekwondo class Taekwondo competition typically involves, and; some tournaments also include special events such as demonstration teams and self-defense ( hosinsul). In Olympic taekwondo competition, however, only sparring (using WT competition rules) is performed. There are two kinds of competition sparring: point sparring, in which all strikes are light contact and the clock is stopped when a point is scored; and Olympic sparring, where all strikes are full contact and the clock continues when points are scored. Sparring involves a Hogu, or a chest protector, which muffles any kick's damage to avoid serious injuries. Helmets and other gear are provided as well. Though other systems may vary, a common point system works like this: One point for a regular kick to the Hogu, two for a turning behind the kick, three for a back kick, and four for a spinning kick to the head. World Taekwondo (WT) Competition.

Official WT trunk protector ( ), forearm guards and shin guards Under World Taekwondo (WT, formerly WTF) and Olympic rules, sparring is a event and takes place between two competitors in either an area measuring 8 meters square or an octagon of similar size. Competitors are matched within gender and weight division - 8 divisions for World Championships that are condensed to 4 for the Olympics. A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout).

However, there are several decisions that can lead to a win, as well, including superiority, withdrawal, disqualification, or even a referee's punitive declaration. Each match consists of three two-minute rounds, with one minute rest between rounds, though these are often abbreviated or shortened for some junior and regional tournaments. Competitors must wear a, head protector, shin pads, foot socks, forearm guards, hand gloves, a mouthpiece, and a groin cup. Tournaments sanctioned by national governing bodies or the WT, including the Olympics and World Championship, use electronic hogus, electronic foot socks, and electronic head protectors to register and determine scoring techniques, with human judges used to assess and score technical (spinning) techniques and score punches. Points are awarded for permitted techniques delivered to the legal scoring areas, as determined by the electronic scoring system, which assesses the strength and location of the contact. The only techniques allowed are kicks (delivering a strike using an area of the foot below the ankle) and punches (delivering a strike using the closed fist). In some smaller tournaments, and in the past, points were awarded by three corner judges using electronic scoring tallies.

All major national and international tournaments have moved fully (as of 2017) to electronic scoring, including the use of electronic headgear. This limits corner judges to scoring only technical points and punches. Some believe that the new electronic scoring system reduces controversy concerning judging decisions, but this technology is still not universally accepted., In particular, the move to electronic headgear has replaced controversy over judging with controversy over how the technology has changed the sport. Because the headgear is not able to determine if a kick was a correct taekwondo technique, and the pressure threshold for sensor activation for headgear is kept low for safety reasons, athletes who improvised ways of placing their foot on their opponents head were able to score points, regardless of how true to taekwondo those techniques were.

A punch that makes contact with the opponent's (the body guard that functions as a scoring target) scores one point, while a kick scores two points. (The trunk protector is referred to as a momtong pohodae 몸통 보호대 or trunk guard in the WT rules.) If a kick to the hogu involves a technique that includes fully turning the attacking competitor's body, so that the back is fully exposed to the targeted competitor during execution of the technique (spinning kick), three points are awarded. A kick to the head scores three points; as of October 2010 an additional point is awarded if a turning kick was used to execute this attack, making a spinning head kick worth 4 points. Punches to the head are not allowed.

As of October 2017, no additional points are awarded for knocking down an opponent (beyond the normal points awarded for legal strikes). The referee can give penalties at any time for rule-breaking, such as hitting an area not recognized as a target, usually the legs or neck. Penalties, called 'Gam-jeom' are counted as an addition of one point for the opposing contestant.

Following 10 'Gam-jeom' a player is declared the loser by referee's punitive declaration At the end of three rounds, the competitor with most points wins the match. In the event of a tie, a fourth 'sudden death' overtime round, sometimes called a 'Golden Point', is held to determine the winner after a one-minute rest period. In this round, the first competitor to score a point wins the match. If there is no score in the additional round, the winner is decided by superiority, as determined by the refereeing officials or number of fouls committed during that round.

If a competitor has a 20-point lead at the end of the second round or achieves a 20-point lead at any point in the third round, then the match is over and that competitor is declared the winner. Is the officially recognized National Governing Body for Taekwondo for the (USOC), and the official Member National Association of the World Taekwondo Federation. In addition to sparring competition, World Taekwondo sanctions competition in poomsae or forms, although this is not an Olympic event. Single competitors perform a designated pattern of movements, and are assessed by judges for accuracy (accuracy of movements, balance, precision of details) and presentation (speed and power, rhythm, energy), both of which receive numerical scores, with deductions made for errors.

Pair and team competition is also recognized, where two or more competitors perform the same form at the same time. In addition to competition with the traditional forms, there is experimentation with freestyle forms that allow more creativity. The World Taekwondo Federation directly sanctions the following competitions:.

World Taekwondo Poomsae Championships. (since 2009). World Taekwondo Cadet Championships. World Taekwondo Junior Championships. World Taekwondo Team Championships.

World Taekwondo Para Championships. World Taekwondo Beach Championships. (debut in 2020 Tokyo Paralympics) International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) Competition.

Common styles of ITF point sparring equipment The 's sparring rules are similar to the WT's rules but differ in several aspects. Hand attacks to the head are allowed. The competition is not full contact, and excessive contact is not allowed. Competitors are penalized with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he can no longer continue (knockout). The scoring system is:.

1 point for Punch to the body or head. 2 points for Jumping kick to the body or kick to the head. 3 points for Jumping kick to the head. The competition area may vary between 10×10 meters and 20×20 meters in international championships. Competitors do not wear the hogu (although they are required to wear approved foot and hand protection equipment, as well as optional head guards).

This scoring system varies between individual organisations within the ITF; for example, in the TAGB, punches to the head or body score 1 point, kicks to the body score 2 points, and kicks to the head score 3 points. A continuous point system is utilized in ITF competition, where the fighters are allowed to continue after scoring a technique. Excessive contact are generally not allowed according to the official ruleset, and judges penalize any competitor with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he can no longer continue (although these rules vary between ITF organizations). At the end of two minutes (or some other specified time), the competitor with more scoring techniques wins. Fouls in ITF sparring include: attacking a fallen opponent, leg sweeping, holding/grabbing, or intentional attack to a target other than the opponent. ITF competitions also feature performances of patterns, and 'special techniques' (where competitors perform prescribed board breaks at great heights).

Other organizations (AAU) competitions are very similar, except that different styles of pads and gear are allowed. Apart from WT and ITF tournaments, major taekwondo competitions (all featuring WT taekwondo only) include:.

Taekwondo is also an optional sport at the. Korean Taekwondo Vocabulary. Some common taekwondo terminology and parts of the body In taekwondo schools - even outside Korea - commands and vocabulary are often used. May be used as prompts for commands or for counting repetition exercises. Different schools and associations will use different vocabulary, however, and may even refer to entirely different techniques by the same name.

As one example, in Kukkiwon/WT-style taekwondo, the term ap seogi refers to an upright walking stance, while in ITF/Chang Hon-style taekwondo ap seogi refers to a long, low, front stance. Retrieved 8 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

Manuel Technique Du Taekwondo Pdf To Word Free

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Retrieved 2016-04-30. ITF World Junior & Senior Tournament Rules - Rules and Regulations. Retrieved 2015-06-13. External links. The dictionary definition of at Wiktionary. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons.